Depth-First Search (DFS) is a fundamental graph traversal algorithm that explores as far as possible along each branch before backtracking. It's often used to explore and analyze the connectivity of graphs, find paths, and solve problems related to connected components. Algorithm: The DFS algorithm operates on a graph, starting from an initial vertex. It maintains a stack (or uses recursion) to keep track of the vertices to visit. Initialization: Create a boolean array to mark visited vertices. Initialize all vertices as not visited. DFS Function: Choose a starting vertex (if the graph is disconnected, this process is repeated for unvisited vertices). Mark the chosen vertex as visited. Explore the chosen vertex's neighbours: If a neighbour is not visited, recursively call the DFS function on that neighbour. Repeat until all reachable vertices are visited. Here's a simplified recursive implementation in pseudocode: procedure DFS(vertex): mark vertex as visited for ea...
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